mathematics_in_lean

My solutions for this book

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import Mathlib.Tactic

set_option warningAsError false

namespace PiNotation
open Lean.Parser Term
open Lean.PrettyPrinter.Delaborator

/-- Dependent function type (a "pi type"). The notation `Π x : α, β x` can
also be written as `(x : α) → β x`. -/
-- A direct copy of forall notation but with `Π`/`Pi` instead of `∀`/`Forall`.
@[term_parser]
def piNotation := leading_parser:leadPrec
  unicodeSymbol "Π" "Pi" >>
  many1 (ppSpace >> (binderIdent <|> bracketedBinder)) >>
  optType >> ", " >> termParser

/-- Dependent function type (a "pi type"). The notation `Π x ∈ s, β x` is
short for `Π x, x ∈ s → β x`. -/
-- A copy of forall notation from `Std.Util.ExtendedBinder` for pi notation
syntax "Π " binderIdent binderPred ", " term : term

macro_rules
  | `(Π $x:ident $pred:binderPred, $p) =>
    `(Π $x:ident, satisfies_binder_pred% $x $pred  $p)
  | `(Π _ $pred:binderPred, $p) =>
    `(Π x, satisfies_binder_pred% x $pred  $p)

/-- Since pi notation and forall notation are interchangable, we can
parse it by simply using the forall parser. -/
@[macro PiNotation.piNotation] def replacePiNotation : Lean.Macro
  | .node info _ args => return .node info ``Lean.Parser.Term.forall args
  | _ => Lean.Macro.throwUnsupported

/-- Override the Lean 4 pi notation delaborator with one that uses `Π`.
Note that this takes advantage of the fact that `(x : α) → p x` notation is
never used for propositions, so we can match on this result and rewrite it. -/
@[delab forallE]
def delabPi : Delab := whenPPOption Lean.getPPNotation do
  let stx  delabForall
  -- Replacements
  let stx : Term 
    match stx with
    | `($group:bracketedBinder  $body) => `(Π $group:bracketedBinder, $body)
    | _ => pure stx
  -- Cute binders
  let stx : Term 
    match stx with
    | `( ($i:ident : $_), $j:ident  $s  $body) =>
      if i == j then `( $i:ident  $s, $body) else pure stx
    | `( ($x:ident : $_), $y:ident > $z  $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident > $z, $body) else pure stx
    | `( ($x:ident : $_), $y:ident < $z  $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident < $z, $body) else pure stx
    | `( ($x:ident : $_), $y:ident  $z  $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident  $z, $body) else pure stx
    | `( ($x:ident : $_), $y:ident  $z  $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident  $z, $body) else pure stx
    | `(Π ($i:ident : $_), $j:ident  $s  $body) =>
      if i == j then `(Π $i:ident  $s, $body) else pure stx
    | _ => pure stx
  -- Merging
  match stx with
  | `(Π $group, Π $groups*, $body) => `(Π $group $groups*, $body)
  | _ => pure stx

-- the above delaborator and parser are still needed:
-- #check Π (x : Nat), Vector Bool x

end PiNotation

section SupInfNotation
open Lean Lean.PrettyPrinter.Delaborator

/-!
Improvements to the unexpanders in `Mathlib.Order.CompleteLattice`.

These are implemented as delaborators directly.
-/
@[delab app.iSup]
def iSup_delab : Delab := whenPPOption Lean.getPPNotation do
  let #[_, _, ι, f] := ( SubExpr.getExpr).getAppArgs | failure
  unless f.isLambda do failure
  let prop  Meta.isProp ι
  let dep := f.bindingBody!.hasLooseBVar 0
  let ppTypes  getPPOption getPPFunBinderTypes
  let stx  SubExpr.withAppArg do
    let dom  SubExpr.withBindingDomain delab
    withBindingBodyUnusedName $ fun x => do
      let x : TSyntax `ident := .mk x
      let body  delab
      if prop && !dep then
        `( (_ : $dom), $body)
      else if prop || ppTypes then
        `( ($x:ident : $dom), $body)
      else
        `( $x:ident, $body)
  -- Cute binders
  let stx : Term 
    match stx with
    | `( $x:ident,  (_ : $y:ident  $s), $body)
    | `( ($x:ident : $_),  (_ : $y:ident  $s), $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident  $s, $body) else pure stx
    | _ => pure stx
  return stx

@[delab app.infᵢ]
def infᵢ_delab : Delab := whenPPOption Lean.getPPNotation do
  let #[_, _, ι, f] := ( SubExpr.getExpr).getAppArgs | failure
  unless f.isLambda do failure
  let prop  Meta.isProp ι
  let dep := f.bindingBody!.hasLooseBVar 0
  let ppTypes  getPPOption getPPFunBinderTypes
  let stx  SubExpr.withAppArg do
    let dom  SubExpr.withBindingDomain delab
    withBindingBodyUnusedName $ fun x => do
      let x : TSyntax `ident := .mk x
      let body  delab
      if prop && !dep then
        `( (_ : $dom), $body)
      else if prop || ppTypes then
        `( ($x:ident : $dom), $body)
      else
        `( $x:ident, $body)
  -- Cute binders
  let stx : Term 
    match stx with
    | `( $x:ident,  (_ : $y:ident  $s), $body)
    | `( ($x:ident : $_),  (_ : $y:ident  $s), $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident  $s, $body) else pure stx
    | _ => pure stx
  return stx

/-- The Exists notation has similar considerations as sup/inf -/
@[delab app.Exists]
def exists_delab : Delab := whenPPOption Lean.getPPNotation do
  let #[ι, f] := ( SubExpr.getExpr).getAppArgs | failure
  unless f.isLambda do failure
  let prop  Meta.isProp ι
  let dep := f.bindingBody!.hasLooseBVar 0
  let ppTypes  getPPOption getPPFunBinderTypes
  let stx  SubExpr.withAppArg do
    let dom  SubExpr.withBindingDomain delab
    withBindingBodyUnusedName $ fun x => do
      let x : TSyntax `ident := .mk x
      let body  delab
      if prop && !dep then
        `( (_ : $dom), $body)
      else if prop || ppTypes then
        `( ($x:ident : $dom), $body)
      else
        `( $x:ident, $body)
  -- Cute binders
  let stx : Term 
    match stx with
    | `( $i:ident, $j:ident  $s  $body)
    | `( ($i:ident : $_), $j:ident  $s  $body) =>
      if i == j then `( $i:ident  $s, $body) else pure stx
    | `( $x:ident, $y:ident > $z  $body)
    | `( ($x:ident : $_), $y:ident > $z  $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident > $z, $body) else pure stx
    | `( $x:ident, $y:ident < $z  $body)
    | `( ($x:ident : $_), $y:ident < $z  $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident < $z, $body) else pure stx
    | `( $x:ident, $y:ident  $z  $body)
    | `( ($x:ident : $_), $y:ident  $z  $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident  $z, $body) else pure stx
    | `( $x:ident, $y:ident  $z  $body)
    | `( ($x:ident : $_), $y:ident  $z  $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident  $z, $body) else pure stx
    | _ => pure stx
  -- Merging
  match stx with
  | `( $group:bracketedExplicitBinders,  $groups*, $body) => `( $group $groups*, $body)
  | _ => pure stx

-- the above delaborators are still needed:
-- #check ⨆ (i : Nat) (_ : i ∈ Set.univ), (i = i)
-- #check ∃ (i : Nat), i ≥ 3 ∧ i = i

end SupInfNotation

section UnionInterNotation
open Lean Lean.PrettyPrinter.Delaborator

/-!
Improvements to the unexpanders in `Mathlib.Data.Set.Lattice`.

These are implemented as delaborators directly.
-/

@[delab app.Set.unionᵢ]
def unionᵢ_delab : Delab := whenPPOption Lean.getPPNotation do
  let #[_, ι, f] := ( SubExpr.getExpr).getAppArgs | failure
  unless f.isLambda do failure
  let prop  Meta.isProp ι
  let dep := f.bindingBody!.hasLooseBVar 0
  let ppTypes  getPPOption getPPFunBinderTypes
  let stx  SubExpr.withAppArg do
    let dom  SubExpr.withBindingDomain delab
    withBindingBodyUnusedName $ fun x => do
      let x : TSyntax `ident := .mk x
      let body  delab
      if prop && !dep then
        `( (_ : $dom), $body)
      else if prop || ppTypes then
        `( ($x:ident : $dom), $body)
      else
        `( $x:ident, $body)
  -- Cute binders
  let stx : Term 
    match stx with
    | `( $x:ident,  (_ : $y:ident  $s), $body)
    | `( ($x:ident : $_),  (_ : $y:ident  $s), $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident  $s, $body) else pure stx
    | _ => pure stx
  return stx

@[delab app.Set.interᵢ]
def interᵢ_delab : Delab := whenPPOption Lean.getPPNotation do
  let #[_, ι, f] := ( SubExpr.getExpr).getAppArgs | failure
  unless f.isLambda do failure
  let prop  Meta.isProp ι
  let dep := f.bindingBody!.hasLooseBVar 0
  let ppTypes  getPPOption getPPFunBinderTypes
  let stx  SubExpr.withAppArg do
    let dom  SubExpr.withBindingDomain delab
    withBindingBodyUnusedName $ fun x => do
      let x : TSyntax `ident := .mk x
      let body  delab
      if prop && !dep then
        `( (_ : $dom), $body)
      else if prop || ppTypes then
        `( ($x:ident : $dom), $body)
      else
        `( $x:ident, $body)
  -- Cute binders
  let stx : Term 
    match stx with
    | `( $x:ident,  (_ : $y:ident  $s), $body)
    | `( ($x:ident : $_),  (_ : $y:ident  $s), $body) =>
      if x == y then `( $x:ident  $s, $body) else pure stx
    | _ => pure stx
  return stx

-- the above delaborators might not work correctly
-- #check ⋃ (s : Set ℕ) (_ : s ∈ Set.univ), s

end UnionInterNotation


namespace ProdProjNotation
open Lean Lean.PrettyPrinter.Delaborator

@[delab app.Prod.fst, delab app.Prod.snd]
def delabProdProjs : Delab := do
  let #[_, _, _] := ( SubExpr.getExpr).getAppArgs | failure
  let stx  delabProjectionApp
  match stx with
  | `($(x).fst) => `($(x).1)
  | `($(x).snd) => `($(x).2)
  | _ => failure

/-! That works when the projection is a simple term, but we need
another approach when the projections are functions with applied arguments. -/

@[app_unexpander Prod.fst]
def unexpandProdFst : Lean.PrettyPrinter.Unexpander
  | `($(_) $p $xs*) => `($p.1 $xs*)
  | _ => throw ()

@[app_unexpander Prod.snd]
def unexpandProdSnd : Lean.PrettyPrinter.Unexpander
  | `($(_) $p $xs*) => `($p.2 $xs*)
  | _ => throw ()

example (p : Nat × Nat) : p.1 = p.2  True := by simp
example (p : (Nat  Nat) × (Nat  Nat)) : p.1 22 = p.2 37  True := by simp

end ProdProjNotation